In their brave and challenging book, grounded in political science and the Continental philosophical tradition, Divya Dwivedi and Shaj Mohan engage with the resurgence of upper-caste supremacism in India and its justification via the legacy of ?the Aryan doctrine? and Hindu nationalism. Their essays were written from 2016 to 2023, when India?s democratic institutions were subverted and caste-based oppression overflowed into public space?killing and menacing minorities, women, students, the media and lower castes of all religions.