The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was first published in 1848. The text, commissioned by the Communist League in London, was originally published in German and later translated into English. The Manifesto, which became a political rallying cry for the communist movement in Europe at the time, created a furore in Germany and led to Marx?s expulsion from his country. An incisive critique of capitalism and its social and cultural ramifications, The Manifesto has garnered a wide readership across the globe since the 1870s. It continues to serve as a seminal text calling for social, economic, and political systems based on fairness and democracy, rather than the ruthless exploitation of the working class by the bourgeoisie. In The Manifesto, Marx and Engels clearly state the goals of the Communist Party, one of which is to overthrow the rule of the bourgeoisie, redistribute political power, and create a classless society through the abolition of private property. The Manifesto also offers fullthroated support to revolutionary movements everywhere that challenge the existing order, and exhorts working people of all countries to unite